The Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy On Reduction Anxiety in Patients With Schizophrenia

Ayu Pratiwi

Abstract


Perform a systematic search, appraise, and synthesize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) in adults with schizophrenia, in any setting, regarding anxiety, personal and social functioning, cognition, and well-being. Method: Major databases were searched to find both published and unpublished studies from inception until 2024, using Schizophrenia* AND Progressive Muscle Relaxation* as keywords, and studies published in Indonesia and English were considered for inclusion in this review. Results: From a total of 915 studies, five studies, involving adults with schizophrenia, met the inclusion criteria. These studiesreported benefits in experimental group participants after PMR intervention on anxiety (assessed with State Anxiety Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory), well-being (assessed with Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale), and personal and social functioning (assessed with Sheehan Disability Scale and Therapist Rating Scale). Conclusions: Evidence suggests that PMR was effective in adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, except in one study where was only effective when combined with education. Thus, PMR may be useful to decrease state anxiety and improve well-being and social functioning in adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, due to the diversity of clinical intervention designs of PMR (different number and length of sessions) and outcome assessment scales, no strong evidence was found in this systematic review

Keywords


Nursing, Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), schizophrenia

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